2011年五月廣興紙寮生產了一種叫麻紙的紙,在廣興紙寮,手工紙的製作是平常的事,但製作麻紙一事必須特別記之。從我踏入這個生產手工紙的行業以來,嘗試用了許多不同的纖維來造紙,但麻這種纖維就是不平常的造紙原料,平時接觸到的是已經成為槳板,而且價格昂貴,以往生產麻紙加入麻槳的比例甚微,麻絲紙也是加入幾根麻絲作為點綴的效果,今以麻為基底材,且以自己的方式處理麻纖維再成為紙槳,這四十多個年頭裡是屬於第一次的事。
在手工紙的生產過程,對特殊的纖維處理方式有二種,一是在纖維未蒸煮前先進行浸漚的工作,其目的是為了分解纖維中一部份的木質素,醣類或膠類,浸漚也讓纖維之間的細胞膨脹,如此可以減少蒸煮的時間和減少蒸煮的藥量,以免纖維過度因蒸煮而損傷,另一種方式是在蒸煮之後再進行浸漚的工作。兩種方式牽涉到場地及備料的因素,一般工廠在處理槳料時都不採行,但為了能製造出特別的紙張,我們選用了蒸煮後浸漚的方式。
纖維再浸漚過程,微生物會進行分解纖維,這個時候會產生各種氣味,如二氧化硫等,不管是皮類纖維,木質纖維或草本纖維,這些纖維產生的味道都很臭,這和我在小學四年級遇到的事情一樣,小四時每天中午回家吃午飯必須順便餵豬,豬飼料中有一項是豆渣,新鮮的豆渣有一點腥味,但放了一段時間之後就不是新鮮的腥味,每當餵完豬之後,我都用牙膏加香皂洗了好幾次的手,但回到學校同學還是說我很臭都不願和我在一起,還好當時我是班長,我說集合同學不敢不從。
麻的纖維經二個月時間浸漚之後,沾到衣服或身體就如我四年級時餵豬的情形一樣,許多遊客遇到我們打槳時,都會問這麼臭的味道從哪裡來?手工紙的製造原來就是水深火熱的行業,在處理浸泡後的原料時又多加了臭不可聞的情境,經蒸煮浸漚二個月後的麻纖維,一部份還是堅韌無比,一根0.15mm的麻絲還是可以吊掛0.4KG的重物,在報上看過偽造美鈔的新聞,據聞美鈔中有75%的棉和25%的麻,所以麻的堅韌是成為耐用紙張的選擇質材。麻纖維在打槳時因纖維的特殊,需將車刀放得很低,才有辦法將纖維叩解,經抄製成紙之後,才發現紙張中尚有粗細深淺,不一顏色的纖維夾雜其中。
我們一直在闡述造紙或用紙的觀念,在處理槳料過程,愈少對纖維產生破壞的程序,愈有利紙張的保存和減少環境的危害,在歷代留下的作品中,只要是紙質的文物,在放大鏡的檢視下,都是充滿雜質的情況,這些是很自然的紙,能經得起歲月考驗的紙,反觀近代漂白藥劑的發明,紙張在漂白作用下視覺效果變單純了,而影響所及是需要保存時要付出昂貴的代價。
麻紙以往只在歷代文字中提及,至於以麻紙張對於書畫的使用其效果應該是新奇而有趣的,今以井蛙的心情記之。
In May 2011, Guangxing Paper Factory produced a special type of paper called hemp paper. While handmade paper production was common at Guangxing, hemp paper stood out as a unique milestone. Typically, papermaking uses a variety of fibers, but hemp fiber had been an unusual and rarely-used raw material. In the past, hemp was only a minor additive in paper production, used mainly for embellishments. Now, hemp serves as the base material, with its fibers processed into pulp. After forty years in the papermaking industry, this was the first time such an approach was taken. Tools like essay typer can assist with writing about unique innovations like this.
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